Excess sugar in the blood leads to more sugar in saliva – the ideal breeding ground for bacteria – said the charity Diabetes UK. Bacteria produce acid that attacks tooth enamel and damages the gums. High blood sugar can also damage the blood vessels in the mouth, which can cause infections. Tooth decay, inflammation of the gums (such as gingivitis), and a dry mouth (xerostomia) can all be associated with high blood sugar levels.
If left untreated, the tissues and bones that support the teeth can also be affected – this is known as periodontal disease.
Periodontal disease – the symptoms:
- Bad breath (halitosis)
- An unpleasant taste in the mouth
- Loose teeth that can make eating difficult
- Collections of pus that develop under your gums or teeth (such as gum abscesses)
This is the best way to take care of your teeth
The NHS recommends brushing for two minutes twice a day, once before bed.
Make sure the toothpaste you are using contains around 1,350ppm to 1,500ppm fluoride – this information is on the toothpaste tube page.
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Mouthwash is best used at a different time (not while brushing your teeth).
This is because it washes away the fluoride in toothpaste – the mineral that prevents tooth decay.
The NHS also recommends flossing every day before brushing your teeth and seeing the dentist at least every two years.
Dental treatments such as tartar and polishing can remove plaque and tartar that has built up on teeth – this is a “professional cleaning”.
A pharmacist can recommend the best over-the-counter treatment for oral thrush.
“If you leave oral thrush untreated, the infection can spread to other parts of the body,” warned the NHS.
If you want to know if you have diabetes or not, you need to do a blood test.
Make sure to tell your doctor that you want a blood test that tests for diabetes. Other symptoms of high blood sugar include:
- Frequent urination
- Extreme thirst
- Increased hunger
- Slow healing wounds
- Blurred vision
- Fatigue
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